Science and Tech Dev. in China
The current situation of China's technological development presents a situation of comprehensive breakthroughs and structural challenges coexisting, with the following core characteristics:
1、 Overall strength leap
Global ranking and influence
China has risen to 11th place in the Global Innovation Index, with 26 of the world's top 100 technology innovation clusters for two consecutive years. Clusters such as Shenzhen Hong Kong Guangzhou, Beijing, and Shanghai Suzhou have entered the top ten globally
In 2024, the transaction volume of technology contracts reached 6.84 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 11.2%, and the number of patent authorizations exceeded 1 million for the first time
R&D investment and output
In 2024, the R&D budget will reach 3.61 trillion yuan, ranking second in the world, and the investment intensity will increase to 2.68%
The number of artificial intelligence patents accounts for 60% of the world's total, and technologies in fields such as 5G, high-speed rail, and new energy lead the world
2、 Breakthrough in cutting-edge fields
Artificial Intelligence and Computing Power
The scale of computing power is the second in the world, and the annual growth rate of intelligent computing power is 43%, supporting the implementation of applications such as unmanned driving and AI big models (such as ERNIE Bot, Tongyi Qianwen)
The penetration rate of generative AI exceeds 60%, and the market share of AI laptops is 21.7%
Quantum Computing and Biotechnology
The quantum bit count has exceeded 100, and the original quantum has achieved a precision of 99.9% with 20 quantum bits. It is applied in finance and drug research and development
The industrialization of synthetic biology and biomanufacturing is accelerating, and the penetration rate of biobased materials is significantly increasing
New Energy and Green Technology
The export of new energy vehicles, lithium batteries, and photovoltaics is strong, and the computing power center with a green electricity usage rate of over 85% has landed in Ningxia
3、 Structural challenges
Shortcomings in core technology
Semiconductors and high-end chips still rely on imports, and some fields are facing international technology blockades
Innovation Quality and Conversion
The number of patents ranks first in the world, but the proportion of high-value patents is insufficient, and the conversion rate of achievements needs to be improved
Regional and industrial synergy
The uneven distribution of computing power resources between the east and west regions requires further optimization of the layout of the "East Digital West Computing" hub
4、 Policy and Capital Driven
The mechanism of "unveiling the list and leading the way" accelerates the breakthrough of "bottleneck" technology, and the Science and Technology Innovation Board supports financing for hard technology enterprises
The government has guided a fund size of over 12 trillion yuan, with venture capital focusing on hard technology fields such as AI and quantum
Overall, China's technological development has shifted from "following" to "running in parallel" or even "leading", but it needs to continue to make efforts in basic research, independent and controllable core technologies, and global cooperation